
Obadiah serves as the judicial and historical explanation of God’s justification of Esua’s Hate.
“I have loved you,” says the LORD. But you say, “How have you loved us?” “Is not Esau Jacob’s brother?” declares the LORD. “Yet I have loved Jacob but Esau I have hated” Malachi 1:2-3
1. Covenant Rejection vs. Chosen Lineage
In ancient Near Eastern treaty language and Hebrew idiom, the pairing of “love” and “hate” functioned as covenantal terminology:
“Love” (‘aheb) meant to choose, enter covenant with, and claim as an heir.
“Hate” (sane’) meant to reject from the covenant blessing, disinherit, or hold at a distance (comparable to Jesus using “hate” in Luke 14:26 to denote priority of devotion).
Before the twins were born, God announced to Rebekah that “the older shall serve the younger” (Genesis 25:23). Paul cites this in Romans 9:10–13 to illustrate that God’s redemptive purpose depends on His divine calling rather than natural primogeniture (birth order). God did not choose Jacob because Jacob was righteous, nor did He withhold the covenant from Esau out of petty bias; God sovereignly selected the lineage through which the Messiah and the Word would enter the world.
2. Why God Rejected Esau: Profaning the Sacred
While God’s election was sovereign, the biblical narrative emphasizes that Esau’s own choices fully validated his disqualification:
Contempt for the Birthright (Genesis 25:29–34): When Esau traded his spiritual birthright,which carried the Abrahamic priesthood and promises, for a single bowl of red lentil stew, Genesis concludes: “Thus Esau despised his birthright.”
The “Profane” Nature of Esau: Hebrews 12:16 identifies Esau as a prototype of spiritual emptiness: “lest there be any fornicator or profane person like Esau, who for one morsel of food sold his birthright.” The Greek term for “profane” (bebelos) means a threshold open to common foot traffic, someone with zero regard for sacred boundaries. Esau prioritized immediate carnal appetite over eternal promises.
Separation from Covenant Purity (Genesis 26:34–35): Esau married Hittite women, which the text notes brought “a grief of mind to Isaac and Rebekah,” signaling his detachment from the faith and destiny of Abraham.
3. Generational Hostility: From a Stolen Blessing to Bloodshed
The hatred between Esau and Jacob did not end in the Genesis reconciliation at the river Jabbok. Esau’s descendants (Edom) institutionalized that grudge over centuries:
Refusing Passage (Numbers 20:14–21): When Moses and Israel journeyed to the Promised Land and requested safe transit along the King’s Highway, Edom met their brother nation with a drawn sword and blocked their path.
The Amalekite Offshoot (Genesis 36:12; Exodus 17:8–16): Amalek was a grandson of Esau. The Amalekites preyed on the stragglers and exhausted rear ranks of Israel coming out of Egypt, earning a perpetual divine decree of war.
The Climax at the Fall of Jerusalem (586 BCE):
As recorded in Psalm 137:7 and Obadiah 1:10–14, when Nebuchadnezzar battered down Jerusalem’s walls, Edom shouted, “Raze it, raze it, even to the foundation!” They ambushed fleeing Judean refugees at the crossroads and plundered their belongings.
In Obadiah 1:10, God states the explicit cause for Edom’s absolute ruin:
“For violence against your brother Jacob, shame shall cover you, and you shall be cut off forever.”
4. Malachi 1: The Verdict Delivered
When the prophet Malachi opened his oracle around 430 BCE, the people of Israel, having returned from exile to a ruined Jerusalem,questioned God’s love: “In what way have You loved us?” (Malachi 1:2).
God answered by pointing directly to the desolation of Edom:

“‘Was not Esau Jacob’s brother?’ says the LORD. ‘Yet Jacob I have loved; but Esau I have hated, and laid waste his mountains and his heritage for the jackals of the wilderness.’ Even though Edom has said, ‘We have been impoverished, but we will return and build the desolate places,’ that is what the LORD of hosts says: ‘They may build, but I will throw down; they shall be called the Territory of Wickedness, and the people against whom the LORD will have indignation forever.'” (Malachi 1:2–4)
Obadiah 1:18 (“the house of Joseph a flame, and the house of Esau stubble”) is the prophetic decree of this exact judgment. God’s “hatred” toward Esau( and his bloodline not just the person)was not an unprovoked emotional grudge; it was His holy condemnation of a proud, carnal nation that despised God’s covenant and sought the violent eradication of His covenant people.
“The house of Jacob shall be a fire, and the house of Joseph a flame, and the house of Esau stubble; they shall burn them and consume them, and there shall be no survivor for the house of Esau, for the LORD has spoken.”Obadiah 1:18.
The rivalry stretches back to Genesis 25, where Jacob and Esau grappled in the womb. Esau fathered the Edomites, who settled in the rugged, mountainous terrain of Mount Seir, south of the Dead Sea.
The immediate catalyst for Obadiah’s prophecy was the Babylonian siege and destruction of Jerusalem in 586 BCE. Instead of standing with their kin, the Edomites:
1.Stood aloof while foreigners invaded the city gates (Obadiah 1:11).
2. Rejoiced over the distress and ruin of the people of Judah (Obadiah 1:12).
3. Looted the abandoned wealth of Jerusalem (Obadiah 1:13).
4. Cut off fleeing Judean refugees at the crossroads and handed survivors over to Babylon (Obadiah 1:14; Psalm 137:7).
Because Edom exploited Judah’s calamity to enrich itself, Obadiah declared the Lex Talionis, the law of exact retribution:
“As you have done, it shall be done to you; your reprisal shall return upon your own head” (Obadiah 1:15).
So you can clearly see that when God Judges, especially from birth that there are reasons. And it is almost certainly not seen just at the surface of the event. God sees not just the person prior, but sometimes what the whole bloodline of that person represents and will eventually take part in. This is why we can not truly understand all that God does as a finite being. Our faith has to rest in the trust of Him to know what is best at all times.






















